| Principle |
Rating |
Explanation |
| Open-Ended Instruction
Lessons are structured so that multiple/complex answers are possible; students are not steered toward one 'right' answer.
| Very Good | The resource encourages student inquiry, observation, and exploration in outdoor, hands-on activities, especially through gardening and noticing seasonal patterns. Students often generate their own questions, make observations, and learn through experience rather than following a single fixed answer. |
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| Integrated Learning Learning brings together content and skills from more than one subject area
- Satisfactory: content from a number of different subject areas is readily identifiable
- Good: resource is appropriate for use in more than one subject area
- Very Good: the lines between subjects are blurred
| Very Good | This gardening activity touches on multiple learning outcomes. The resource list learning outcomes to be used as a starting point, leaving the teacher the flexibility to adapt activities to meet the specific learning needs of the students. |
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| Inquiry Learning Learning is directed by questions, problems, or challenges that students work to address.
- Satisfactory: Students are provided with questions/problems to solve and some direction on how to arrive at solutions.
- Good: students, assisted by the teacher clarify the question(s) to ask and the process to follow to arrive at solutions. Sometimes referred to as Guided Inquiry
- Very Good: students generate the questions and assume much of the responsibility for how to solve them. . Sometimes referred to as self-directed learning.
| Very Good | The resource supports inquiry-based learning by encouraging students to ask questions and explore answers through hands-on experiences in the garden. Instead of being given all the information, students observe changes, make predictions, and investigate topics like plant growth, soil, and seasonal patterns. |
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| Differentiated Instruction Activities address a range of student learning styles, abilities and readiness.
- Satisfactory: includes a variety of instructional approaches
- Good: addresses the needs of visual, auditory & kinesthetic learners
- Very Good: also includes strategies for learners with difficulties
| Very Good | The range of activities suggested in this resource is diverse in terms of the learning needs of the students as well as different activities throughout the four seasons of the year. |
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| Experiential Learning Authentic learning experiences are provided
- Satisfactory: learning takes place through ‘hands-on’ experience or simulation
- Good: learning involves direct experience in a ‘real world context’
- Very good: learning involves ‘real world experiences’ taking place’ beyond the school walls.
| Very Good | The resource uses experiential learning by turning the school garden into a hands-on classroom. Students learn by doing, planting, observing, and caring for plants throughout the seasons instead of just reading about them. This helps them understand how nature works in a real and meaningful way. Through these activities, students build skills, make connections to the environment, and develop a sense of responsibility for the land. |
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| Cooperative Learning Group and cooperative learning strategies are a priority.
- Satisfactory: students work in groups
- Good: cooperative learning skills are explicitly taught and practiced
- Very Good: cooperative learning skills are explicitly taught, practiced and assessed
| Good | Students often work in pairs or small groups to plant, observe, measure, and record changes in the garden over time. They also share observations, discuss seasonal patterns, and collaborate during inquiry activities and class discussions. |
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| Assessment & Evaluation Tools are provided that help students and teachers to capture formative and summative information about students' learning and performance. These tools may include reflection questions, checklists, rubrics, etc. | Good | The journal writing task can be used as an assessment tool. |
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| Peer Teaching Provides opportunities for students to actively present their knowledge and skills to peers and/or act as teachers and mentors.
- Satisfactory: incidental teaching that arises from cooperative learning, presentations, etc.
- Good or Very Good: an opportunity is intentionally created to empower students to teach other students/community members. The audience is somehow reliant on the students' teaching (students are not simply ‘presenting')
| Good | Students share observations, explain what they notice in the garden, or discuss seasonal changes with classmates. |
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| Case Studies Relevant case studies are included. Case studies are thorough descriptions of real events from real situations that students use to explore concepts in an authentic context. | Good | In the introduction, the resource does include brief examples of successful school gardens and their positive impacts on communities. These function like informal case studies, short, descriptive examples, showing how school garden projects can lead to benefits such as improved student engagement, stronger community connections, and increased environmental awareness. |
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| Locus of Control Meaningful opportunities are provided for students to choose elements of program content, the medium in which they wish to work, and/or to go deeper into a chosen issue. | Very Good | Many of the activities conclude with a list of suggested extension activities that are intended to allow students to dig deeper into each topic, extending the learning . |